1. Vygotsky emphasized that effective learning happens through participation in social activities, making the scial context of learning crucial. Children learn better when assisted by a knowledgeable adult. This only points that parents, teachers, and other adults in the learners' environment all contribute to the process because they assist, model, motivate, and provide feedback to the learner.
On the other hand, he opposed Jean Piaget's motion of independent discovery and inborn capability of achild to learn because it is social interaction that makes learning meaningful. But I would rather say it's not enough if we only have the social contribution for learning but it's essential that learner should develop higher order of thinking-one does this himself. For me, the learner himself do the generative learning and the construction of new knowledge. Yet, I do not disregard the society as a factor in so doing this. In spite of that, I support the theory of Vygotsky.
I would conclude that learning and its development is a collaborative activity participated by the learners' environment and not only his own ability.
2. The Zone of Proximal Development illustrates the difference between what the child can accomplish alone and what he can accomplish with the guidance of another. This serves as an essential information for (soon to be) teachers so that we may know how to scaffold a learner in such a way that the gap between the leraners' current skill levels and the desired skill level is bridged. So then as part of the lesson planning, teachers will be able to identify appropriate pedagogy practices for classroom instruction to make a learner confident of accomplishing a certain task independently.
Therefore, this Zone of Proximal Development serves as guide for us to give a right amount of assistance that would allow the learner to accomplish a task.
-CCB
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